Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Daniel N Riahi
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, USA
Keynote: Modeling rotating fiber jets and application in forcespinning
Time : 09:30-10:00
Biography:
Daniel N Riahi is Professor in the School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences at The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, USA and is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA. He is Fellow of Society of Engineering Science, Associate Fellow of American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) and Fellow of Wessex Institute of Technology of Great Britain. He was Honorary General Chair of the World Congress on Engineering and Technology (China, 2011), Keynote Speaker and Plenary Lecturers of over seven International Conferences. He received a number of awards including Service recognition, certificates, honorific title & research awards. He is an author of over 380 publications mostly published in rigorously refereed journals.
Abstract:
In this lecture, we first review modeling and simulation that have been carried out in the last two decades for nonlinear inviscid and viscous Newtonian rotating jet flows with curved centerlines. Next, we consider the governing modeling system, which we developed recently, for the polymeric fiber jets and calculate the corresponding nonlinear solutions for quantities such as jet speed, radius, stretching rate, trajectory and strain rate versus different values of the arc length and parameters that can represent effects due to rotation, friction, surface tension and relaxation time. We present the application of such results in force spinning process, which is a relatively new technology that uses centrifugal force due to the externally imposed rotational forces to produce nanofibers from different materials with important technological applications.
Keynote Forum
Bruce Chehroudi
Arkansas Tech University, USA
Keynote: Supercritical fluid and applications in propulsion systems
Time : 10:00-10:30
Biography:
Bruce Chehroudi, Professor and Department Head, Mechanical Engineering Department at Arkansas Tech University, has accumulated years of leadership and administrative experiences in different capacities and organizations. This includes such positions as Managing Director at Advanced Technology Consultants, Principal Scientist and Group Leader at the ERC Inc (appointed at Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL)), Chief Scientist at Raytheon STX, Visiting Technologist at Ford’s Advanced Manufacturing Technology Development (AMTD) center, tenured Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Kettering University and University of Illinois and served as a Senior Research Staff/Research Fellow/Post-doctorate at Princeton University. He directed numerous multimillion-dollar interdisciplinary projects in areas involving chemically reacting fl ows, combustion and emission of pollutants, sustainable and alternative energy sources, distributed ignition, material/ fuel injection, advanced pollution reduction technologies, propulsion concepts, gas turbine and liquid rocket engines, combustion instability, laser optical diagnostics,spectroscopy, supercritical fl uids and applications in environmental and propulsion systems, advanced composites, MEMS, nanotechnology and microfl uidics. He has more than 150 publications with extensive experience in both scientifi c and management areas and intensive training in fi nance and fi nancial engineering.
Abstract:
As pressure and temperature in the propulsion system increase to enhance performance, the injection of fuels or propellants finds themselves under supercritical conditions which pose challenges both from experimental and computational perspectives. Th is work intends to present a review of the state of knowledge in the context of fuel or propellants injected into the combustion chamber. As an example, in cryogenic H2/LOX liquid rocket engines, such as Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) or Vulcain (Ariane 5), the injected liquid oxygen (LOX) fi nds itself in a supercritical condition. Improved understanding of the fluid injection physics under such conditions are needed for the better design of such propulsion systems.
Keynote Forum
Kuniaki Dohda
North Western University, USA
Keynote: Metal forming technologies for aerospace and automobile parts
Time : 10:45-11:15
Biography:
Kuniaki Dohda is a Professor at Northwestern University, received Doctor of Engineering from Nagoya University in Japan in 1986. He used to be a Professor at Nagoya Institute of Technology and Gifu University in Japan. He published more than 200 papers on his fi eld and 10 books on micromanufacturing, metal forming and tribology in manufacturing. Currently, he is the general chair of IFMM, IRGTM, the Chair of Academic Advisory Board of TTA(Thai Tribology Association) and the Fellow of ASME, JSME and JSTP. And he is a Editorial Board Member of some international journals such as Friction and editor-in-chief of the Journal of Microfabrication.
Abstract:
This talk is mainly about the current situation of the manufacturing technologies of aircraft and automobile parts. Aluminium alloys have been utilized in these industries as a signifi cant material. And there are a lot of issues in its manufacturing. The application of aluminium alloy and some examples of the solutions to those issues will be introduced. Meanwhile, this talk will also mention kinds of forming processes in manufacturing the aircraft or automobile parts. In these forming processes, it is necessary to improve the tribological properties of the tools by applying lubricants or modifying the tool surface. Th erefore it is important to evaluate the tribological properties experimentally. In this talk, the designs and characteristics of the several friction testers are described. Not as relatively clear as in the cold working process, the tribo-characteristics of metal under forming at elevated temperatures have not yet been well understood due to the complex nature of thermal, microstructural interaction, or process parameters. In order to investigate these characteristics, tribotesters must be developed and tested. Among the tribotesters presented here, some have been well applied for cold working, while the others provided great potential to be used to characterize friction and wear at high temperatures. Furthermore, some new lubricants and others that can be applied for the cutting and forming of hard metals, such as Titanium and heat-resistant alloys, are also introduced. Th is talk provided a review on tribo-technology for metal forming and showed the potential in further investigations and the innovation
in manufacturing aero part.
Keynote Forum
Shuh Jing Ying
University of South Florida, USA
Keynote: Era of robotics
Time : 11:15-11:45
Biography:
Shuh Jing Ying was born in the city of Shao-Hing, China in 1930. He attended always the best school in the city. At the age of 16, he graduated from Provincial Shao-Hing High School. Because of the World War II, he like to be in military service, so he entered the Chinese Air Force Technology Institute and graduated with the rank of number 3 in the class of 50 students. He served 4 years in the Engine Overhaul Factory in Taiwan China as a Lieutenant and then he entered National Cheng-Kung University, majored in mechanical engineering. he graduated with the number 1 student in the class of 85 students. He came to USA in 1958 and completed MSc at Brown University and PhD at Harvard University in 1966. He received Outstanding Faculty Award in 1975, Engineer of Year Award in 1985, elected as Fellow of American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1995 and published a textbook ‘Advanced Dynamics’ in 1997. He retired in the year of 2000 and earned a title of Emeritus Professor. Because he likes to serve this country and this world, so he is still working with a part-time job in the University of South Florida.
Abstract:
Science and technology are always progressing, now it is the era of robotics. Many robots are needed, for example, robots for test pilots, for fi remen, for police, for soldiers in war, for the maid in the home and for companionship with seniors. A robot is a multidisciplinary product; the major disciplines involved are mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer science and medical science. Some details are given in the presentation. Present status is reviewed, many needed robots are not available, but research is progressing approaching them, for example, robot for test pilot is not existing yet but unmanned airplane is available, robot for fi reman is not existing either but drones can be built to fl y or to drive through small spaces to look for trapped people. More details will be given in the presentation. To improve the present status a few suggestions are made in this paper so it may make people think over for further research work. Many projects are in the development stage, so there are lots of works to be done. We have lots of work to do.
Keynote Forum
Ramamurthy Prabhakaran
Old Dominion University, USA
Keynote: Innovations in design, materials and manufacturing of turbine blades for jet-engines
Time : 11:45-12:15
Biography:
Ramamurthy Prabhakaran, joined at Old Dominion University in 1979 and working as an Eminent Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, has been at the Old Dominion University since 1987. He obtained his PhD in Mechanical Engineering at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1970. He worked as a graduate
Research Assistant, IIT, Chicago from 1967-1970; Research Associate, IIT, Chicago from 1971-1972; and worked as Assistant Professor in Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India; promoted to full Professor in 1980; Associate Professor, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, from 1979-1985; Professor, Old Dominion
University from 1985-1987.
Abstract:
Turbo-engines are used in land-based power generators as well as in aircraft . Th e modern turbo-engine is the product of decades of innovations in design, materials and manufacturing; and the innovations are continuing, in the never-ending quest for lighter and more effi cient turbo-engines. Among the fi ve essential parts of a turbo-engine namely the air-intake, compressor, combustion chamber, turbine and exhaust the blades of the high-pressure turbine are subjected to very high centrifugal loads and very high temperatures. Historically, the early jet engines developed in Germany and England utilized stainless steels for the turbine blades and they had a temperature limit of about 5000C. Nickel-based superalloys were developed around the Second World War. Several generations of these superalloys were the result of material innovations. Several manufacturing innovations extended the operating temperature of the superalloys: notably, directional solidifi cation to induce elongated grains, single-crystal solidifi cation and directional solidifi cation of eutectic superalloys to align the fi brous reinforcements. Th e ever-increasing demands for lighter and more effi cient turbo-engines, due to rising fuel prices, air-traffi c volume and environmental concerns, have continuously raised the turbine inlet temperature. Design innovations such as intricate cooling passages in the blades allow them to operate at temperatures well in excess of the melting point of the superalloys themselves. Ceramic coatings on the superalloy blades represent the next material innovation. Innovations in manufacturing are enabling the additive manufacturing of superalloy blades, reducing the time needed to move from the design phase to the testing phase. With the superalloy blades reaching their limit, conventional limitations of brittleness and low reliability of monolithic ceramics are sought to be overcome by innovations such as self-healing ceramics and transformation-toughened ceramics. Ceramic matrix composites are showing promise to push the turbine inlet temperature beyond the current limits. Th is presentation will summarize some of these innovations.
Keynote Forum
Michael Z Podowski
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
Keynote: On the mechanistic modeling of fluid flow and heat transfer in supercritical-pressure systems
Time : 12:15-12:45
Biography:
Michael Z Podowski is professor of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics in the Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and director of center for Multiphase Research. His research interests include fundamentals and applications of multiphase flow and heat transfer, Computational Multiphase Fluid Dynamics (CMFD), supercritical-pressure turbomachinery and systems, dynamics and stability of multiphase systems and nuclear reactor thermal-hydraulics and safety. He has over 350 technical publications, including 7 books/book-chapters and 60+ journal papers. He is fellow of American Nuclear Society (ANS) and recipient of the 2014 ANS Compton Award.
Abstract:
Supercritical fl uids are very promising materials for a variety of energy systems. Th e fl uids under consideration include water and carbon dioxide, with the latter being of particular interest for future clean energy technologies. Th e objectives of this lecture are to discuss the progress in the computational modeling of fl uid fl ow and heat transfer in supercritical-pressure systems using the above-mentioned fl uids. Several issues of signifi cant theoretical and practical interest will be discussed, including: challenges in the modeling of forced-convection heat transfer imposed by the eff ect of property variations on turbulence at slightly supercritical pressures and on the associated system dynamics, the analysis of similarities between the properties of water and carbon dioxide and the physical and computational aspects of modeling high-velocity supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) fl ow inside the complex geometry of rotating machinery, accompanied by high pressure changes. Selected results of computer simulations will be shown using one-dimensional and multidimensional models. Th ey will include both model validation against experimental data and practical applications to predict the hydrodynamic and thermal characteristics of supercritical-pressure systems.
Keynote Forum
Hamid R Hamidzadeh
Tennessee State University, USA
Keynote: Modal vibration analysis of thick visco-elastic annular cylinders
Time : 12:45-13:15
Biography:
Hamid R Hamidzadeh received his PhD in applied mechanics from Imperial College where he also conducted postdoctoral research for four years. He is the Professor of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Department at Tennessee State University. He is a fellow of the ASME and a distinguished member and fellow of the SDPS. He has published three books and over 200 articles. He serves as co-editor and editorial board member for fi ve journals. He has organized major conferences and has served the ASME as chair of the Special divisions steering committee, conference planning committee, an executive committee of design division and vice chair of the board on Technical Knowledge Dissemination.
Abstract:
Modal vibration analysis for thick visco-elastic annular cylinders of infi nite extent is considered. Th e cylinder is excited by boundary stresses at the inner and outer surfaces. Th e governing equation of motion is developed by utilizing the three-dimensional theory of elastodynamics. Material damping is allowed using complex elastic moduli for the viscoelastic medium. Modal displacements and stresses at any point in the medium are formulated in terms of boundary stresses. Frequency responses for radial, tangential and axial displacements are computed for diff erent circumferential and axial wave numbers. Th e eff ect of diff erent material loss factors on the frequency responses is examined for axial and non-axisymmetric modes. Th e dimensionless resonant frequencies for elastic medium (no material damping) are compared with dimensionless natural
frequencies available for elastic material. Th e comparison indicates excellent agreement between these results.
Keynote Forum
Ioannis T Georgiou
Purdue University, USA
Keynote: Advanced Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) tools for geometric modal analysis of big dynamics-datasets of complex structural systems in engineering
Time : 14:00-14:30
Biography:
Ioannis T Georgiou completed his PhD in Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering in 1993 at Purdue University and contacted postdoctoral studies in Nonlinear Dynamics- Chaos of Structural-Material Systems at the USA Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). He has performed research for 20 years on the modeling and data-driven analysis of complex structures by developing multiscale analysis tools based on proper orthogonal decompositions and geometric slow-fast time decompositions. His current research focuses on advanced diagnostics of complex mechanical and biomechanical structures. He has published around 200 papers in reputed journals and conference proceedings and serving on the editorial board of big data and cloud innovation journal. He is the director of the Laboratory of Dynamics-Acoustics & Diagnostics at National Technical University of Athens
Abstract:
The typical aerospace and ocean platform is a quite complicated structural system interacting with the environment and the installed propulsion and energy conversion machinery. Th e full order dynamics response of such a complex system is coupled and nonlinear and in local critical areas exhibits multi-physics interactions (solid-fl uid, solid-thermal, solid-thermal-electromagnetic). Th e full order multi-physics interaction renders the interpretation of a sensory information quite diffi cult for early-stage damage diagnostics. The realistic full order dynamics could be in contrast to the reduced order dynamics used in a classical model-based analysis. Full order dynamics should be subjected to a reduction process for obvious reasons. Given the fact that modern information technology has revolutionized the design-monitoring of the aerospace and ocean platform, rapid generation of datasets for the full order dynamics can occur on a routine basis via the following mechanical engineering practices: (1) the use of high fi delity computational models in design and (2) the use of a dense network of high performance sensors (accelerometers, fi ber optics, strain gauges). Th e pivotal observation is that the connection between the coupled dynamics and the spatial features of the complex structure is carried implicitly in the raw datasets. Th ese space-time datasets contain the essential features of the dynamics of the complex structure and defi nitely should form the basis for a pure data-driven analysis in analogy to the classical model-driven analysis. Th e pivotal point to start is to view the dataset as a geometric object embedded in the hyperspace of observations. Th e cloud formed by the space-time dataset processes necessarily stationary geometric features. Th is intrinsic properties-referred to as POD modes-of the cloud can be identifi ed exactly by the powerful proper orthogonal decomposition or projection data processing procedure. We have advanced the proper orthogonal decomposition for scalar fi elds to compute the POD modes of nonlinear coupled multi-dimensional fi elds in structural dynamics by using as the prototype the fi nite element simulations of the coupled dynamics of nonlinearly elastic rods and shells. Th ese advanced POD tools were used to explore the full order dynamics of quite complicated structures (sandwich structures, ship frames, fl exible machinery mechanics) (Project-PYTHAGORAS). Th e advanced POD tools were used to investigate the experimental dynamics-for advanced diagnostics-of a range of technology important physical complex structures with local critical areas (Project-IMS-PB-DIAGNOSIS). Th e systematic research establishes the fact that advanced proper orthogonal decomposition tools off er an unparalleled procedure to exploit in depth big datasets produced during the design and subsequent vibrations-based structural-machinery monitoring of aerospace and ocean systems. Th e POD-based geometric modal analysis is data-driven and independent of the geometric features of the structural system. Given the powerful geometric modal-like properties of the POD Transform, big datasets of the full order dynamics of complex structural systems are reduced into multiscale orthogonal resolutions. Th e classical modal analysis cannot operate on the dataset level as the POD does. An advanced POD is the ideal multiscale decomposition tool.
Keynote Forum
Asfaw Beyene
San Diego State University, USA
Keynote: Biomimicry: The case of morphing blades
Time : 14:30-15:00
Biography:
Asfaw Beyene received his PhD in Aeronautics and Power Engineering from Warsaw University of Technology. He joined the faculty of SDSU in 1989. His research has been concerned with energy systems: renewables, effi cient power sources with emphasis on combined heat and power applications, cycle and energy analyses, mathematical modeling and simulation. He has won numerous grants from US Department of Energy, San Diego Gas and Electric, California Energy Commission, Oakridge National Lab, University City Science Center, Lockheed Martin, California Institute for Energy Effi ciency and Southern California Edison Co. In his spare time, he plays soccer and skis on the famous slopes of the Sierra.
Abstract:
Evolution has perfected biomechanics of nature and engineering solutions can greatly benefi t from it. Design can take clues from geckos climbing up vertical surfaces, a kingfi sher’s beak, the baobab tree, the armadillo; the spider, sunfl owers, the treebot, a bird skull, etc. have been used to improve effi ciency and performance of assorted designed systems. Biomimicry can also be adopted in turbomachinery, adopting fi sh locomotion and bird aerodynamics. Adaptive fi n motion observed in cases of fi sh, water mammals and birds lead to the fl exible blade which can greatly improve wind turbine effi ciency. Whale fl ippers can also be adapted to improve the power output effi ciency and stall characteristics of wind turbine blades. Adaptive turbine blades that vary and adjust to the airfl ow in order to reduce fl ow separation and improve power output during operating conditions can signifi cantly impact the performance of wind turbines. Contemporary turbine blade designs are fl exible in the span-wise direction to facilitate dynamic loading reduction during gusty or rapid wind changes. In this study, we present the signifi cance of biomimicry with a wind turbine as a case study. Advances in morphing wind turbine blade and potential effi ciency gains and ranges will be presented.